Browsing history should be concerned
A vote could kill privacy
rules that would prevent service providers from selling browsing histories and
app usage histories to advertisers – here’s why it matters
What kind of personal data
do internet service providers want to use?
Your web browsing patterns contain a treasure trove of data,
including your health concerns, shopping habits and visits to porn sites. ISPs
can find out where you bank, your political views and sexual orientation simply
based on the websites you visit. The fact that you’re looking at a website at
all can also reveal when you’re at home and when you’re not.
If you ask the ISPs, it’s about showing the user more relevant
advertising. They argue that web browsing history and app usage should not
count as “sensitive” information.
What’s changed?
The FCC has privacy rules for phones and cable television, but
they didn’t apply to internet service providers. In October 2016 the agency
introduced broad new privacy rules that prevent companies such as AT&T,
Comcast and Verizon from collecting and selling digital information about
individuals including the websites they visited and the apps they used.
The new rules – dubbed the Broadband Consumer Privacy Proposal – would require broadband providers to
get permission from subscribers before collecting and selling this data.
Currently broadband providers can track users unless individuals opt out. The
new rules were due to come into play as early as December 2017.
“Getting these rules was probably the biggest win in consumer
privacy in years. If the repeal succeeds it would be pretty bad,” said Jeremy
Gillula, from the Electronic Frontier Foundation.
Evgeny Morozov
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How could ISPs use
my personal data?
They sell it to advertisers. Having all the data
relating to your browsing behavior allows them to offer highly personalized
targeted advertising at a premium to big brands, which are injected into your
browsing experience. AT&T already tried such a program but killed it just before the FCC
introduced the new privacy rules.
Meanwhile, Verizon attempted to insert undetectable
“supercookies” into all of its mobile customers’ traffic, which allowed them to
track all their browsing behavior – even if a web users was browsing in
incognito mode or clearing their cookies and history. The company was sued for $1.35m by the FCC for not getting customer permission to
track them.
Do all ISPs want to harvest
our data?
No, not all ISPs want to abolish the privacy protections. A list of several smaller providers – including Monkeybrains.net, Cruzio
Internet and Credo Mobile – have written to representatives to oppose the
decision. “One of the cornerstones of our businesses is respecting the privacy
of our customers,” they said.
How does this differ from
the way Google and Facebook use our data?
It’s much harder to prevent ISPs from tracking your data. You
can choose not to use Facebook or Google’s search engine, and there are lots of
tools you can use to block their tracking on other parts of the web, for
example EFF’s
Privacy Badger.
Consumers are generally much more limited for choice of ISP, in
some cases only having one option in a given geographical area. This means they
can’t choose one of the ISPs pledging to protect user data.
Are any rules keeping ISPs
in check?
In January the major ISPs signed a voluntary set of privacy principles, pledging
to insist on opt-in consent before sharing “sensitive” information such as
social security numbers and opt-out choice for “non-sensitive” customer
information. Unfortunately, browsing history was included as “non-sensitive”.
These principles are based on rules created by the Federal Trade Commission,
which used to be able to punish ISPs for violating customers’ privacy but is
prohibited from regulating common carriers.
So how can users protect
their browsing history?
You need to encrypt all your internet traffic. Some websites are
already encrypted – marked out with HTTPS at the beginning of the URL – but
ISPs would still be able to see which websites you have visited, just not the
individual pages.
To mask all of your browsing behavior you can use a VPN service
(which incurs a subscription cost) or try using Tor.
“Both make everyday browsing more complicated,” Gillula said.
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